Evaluation of Acute Kidney Injury and Hypomagnesemia in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer Treated With Cisplatin and Radiotherapy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55677/IJCSMR/V3I1-04/2023Keywords:
Head and Neck Neoplasms, Acute Kidney Injury, Hypomagnesemia, Cisplatin, RadiotherapyAbstract
Hypomagnesemia is one of the most common side effects for patients who receive cisplatin in chemotherapy. However, the relative importance between Hypomagnesemia and cisplatin nephrotoxicity has not been thoroughly discussed. Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in patients who get cisplatin is frequent, and the evaluation of kidney functions in patients taking nephrotoxic drugs is critical. The objective is to evaluate AKI incidence based on the AKIN scale and Hypomagnesemia in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) who have taken cisplatin. 50 patients with HNC treated with three cycles of cisplatin (100mg/m2/dose) were evaluated. Blood and urine samples were collected 24h before taking the cisplatin, 24h after infusion, 48h after each application, and 35 days after finishing the treatment (C-reactive protein, creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), Lactic dehydrogenase, plasma magnesium). AKI was observed in 78% of the patients. There was an increase in creatinine, and urea and a decline in GFR after each cisplatin cycle. An increase in creatinine, CRP, and reduction of GFR were evidenced in AKI patients compared to non-AKI patients. AKI was observed in 78% of patients with HNC patients treated with cisplatin, as well as a correlation of creatinine and GFR while showing a kidney injury. There was a decrease in plasma magnesium even in the samples of patients without kidney injury. However, there was no significant statistical distinction in the AKIN groups, which shows that Hypomagnesemia is an essential effect of cisplatin even in patients without kidney injury.
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