Anemia in Diabetic Patients Hospitalized at CHUL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55677/IJCSMR/V3I2-03/2023Keywords:
Anemia, Diabetes, Inflammation, Renal failureAbstract
Introduction: Anemia is the most common haematological abnormality in diabetics. Understanding the pathogenesis of anemia associated with diabetes can help optimize its management. We conducted a study to determine the biological and etiopathogenic particularities that may be associated with anemia in Gabonese diabetic patients.
Patients and method: Descriptive retrospective study, carried out on the files of diabetic patients hospitalized in the endocrinology department of the Libreville University Hospital during the year 2017. Was included: any hospitalized patient with a hemoglobin ( Hb ) level lower than: 13g/ dl (men), 12g/dl (women). Anemia was mild if Hb in women between 10.9 and 11.9 g/d and in men between 10.9 and 12.9 g/dl Hb , moderate if Hb between 8 and 10.9 g/dl and Severe if Hb >8g/dl. Data analysis: EPI-INFO version 3.5.
Results: 153 records included/782 hospitalizations: prevalence 19.56%. Average age 54.4 years
(±11.1), sex ratio: 1.4 (88 men/65 women). Probable type 2 diabetes (92.20%) Probable type 1 diabetes (6.5%). Average duration of diabetes: 9 years. Mild anemia: 34.6% with mean Hb level 11.98g/dl; moderate: 49% with average Hb level 9.65g/dl and severe 16.3% with average Hb level 6.76g/dl. Hypochromic microcytic anemia (30.7%) hypochromic normocytic (18.3%) normochromic normocytic (27.5%); microcytic normochromia (20.9%) and macrocytic in 2.6% of cases. Etiologically: Probable inflammatory origin (50.3%) Renal failure (24.1%) Iron deficiency (3.4%) etiological factor not found (22.2%). Martial assessment, at the expense of the patients, not carried out (96%).
Conclusion: Anemia is a common biological anomaly in diabetics in Gabon. It is most often moderate, and most often linked to infectious and renal causes.
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